Management of Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) with Probable Fungal Pneumonia

Roopa1, Anbarasi2

1Charge Nurse, Kauvery Hospital, Alwarpet, Chennai.

2Senior Nurse Educator, Kauvery Hospital, Alwarpet, Chennai

Abstract

This case study reports the nursing care of a 72-year-old male patient diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and probable fungal pneumonia. The patient presented with high-grade fever spikes, chills, rigors, and cough. Nursing interventions focused on managing symptoms, preventing complications, and promoting patient education. The patient’s condition improved significantly, and he was discharged in a stable condition. This case study highlights the importance of prompt nursing interventions and interdisciplinary collaboration in improving patient outcomes.

Background

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of disorders characterized by the ineffective production of blood cells. Fungal pneumonia is a common complication in patients with MDS, and prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improve patient outcomes.

Introduction

A 72-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with high-grade fever spikes, chills, rigors, and cough. He had a history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The patient’s symptoms worsened over time, prompting admission to the hospital.

Diagnostic Results

  • HRCT chest showed round-shaped consolidation in the posterior segment of the right upper lobe.
  • Bone marrow evaluation showed hypercellular marrow with multilineage dysplasia and <1% blasts.
  • FISH panel showed positive for hemizygous deletion of KMT2E (7q).

Nursing Care

Assessment

  • Monitored vital signs closely, including temperature, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation.
  • Assessed the patient’s respiratory status, including lung sounds and respiratory rate.

Diagnosis

  • Risk for infection related to immunocompromised state.
  • Acute pain related to fungal pneumonia.
  • Anxiety related to uncertainty and fear of disease progression.

Planning

  • Implemented infection control measures, including hand hygiene and use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
  • Administered pain medications as prescribed.
  • Provided emotional support and education to the patient and family members.

Implementation

  • Administered medications as prescribed, including Isavuconazole and Liposomal Amphotericin.
  • Provided supportive care, including oxygen therapy and hydration.
  • Educated the patient and family members on the importance of adherence to treatment and follow-up appointments.

Evaluation

  • Monitored the patient’s response to treatment, including vital signs and laboratory results.
  • Assessed the patient’s pain levels and adjusted medications as needed.
  • Evaluated the patient’s anxiety levels and provided emotional support as needed.

Implications

This case study highlights the importance of prompt nursing interventions and interdisciplinary collaboration in improving patient outcomes. Nursing care focused on managing symptoms, preventing complications, and promoting patient education. The patient’s condition improved significantly, and he was discharged in a stable condition.

Patient Family Feedback

The patient’s family appreciated the nursing care and timely intervention done by nurses, which contributed to his recovery and optimal improvement. They praised the nurses for their compassion, empathy, and professionalism, which made a significant difference in the patient’s care.

Conclusion

This case study demonstrates the crucial role of nursing care in managing patients with MDS and probable fungal pneumonia. Prompt nursing interventions and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential to improve patient outcomes and prevent complications. Future studies should focus on developing evidence-based guidelines for nursing care in patients with MDS and fungal pneumonia.

Recommendations

  • Early recognition and management of MDS and fungal pneumonia are crucial to improve patient outcomes.
  • Close monitoring of vital signs and laboratory results is essential to adjust treatment plans accordingly.
  • Patient education and family support are vital to ensure adherence to treatment and follow-up appointments.
  • Regular follow-up and monitoring are crucial to prevent complications and ensure optimal patient outcomes.

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